Details

2015-10-28

为公平而设计——服务设计工作坊
GCIDC2015 SERVICE DESIGN WORKSHOP: DESIGN FOR FAIRNESS
全国工业设计教育研讨会暨第十一届世界华人设计论坛 服务设计工作坊

摘要：
从古至今，生活中不公平的现象比比皆是。设计是否加重了不公平的程度还是加剧了这种不公平的常理化？这显然是与设计的初衷和本源背道而驰。为期两天的服务工作坊旨在从用户公平福祉出发，真正尊重各种类型的用户，讨论并挖掘提升用户体验价值的服务概念设计。通过小组讨论合作，成员分析现有服务设计案例，以用户身份、体验公平为起点，锐化未来公平体验趋势的概念，突出以公平价值为中心的方法在服务设计领域的前景，分析潜在机遇中设计研究的差距和需求。

关键词：
公平、服务设计、设计方法、概念衍生、设计责任

背景：
思考公平的方式首先应是询问[1]。回顾中国传统文化，官僚制度长时间影响着中国的政治、经济和文化，其中等级制度森严是最大的特点，也是对普通大众生活影响最深且广的。时至今日放眼现实生活，人们在提倡公平公正的同时却仍然遭受到种种不公平对待，教育不公平、就业不公平、医疗不公平、司法不公平等。而等级制度、熟人口碑、道听途说以及打赏制度等这一系列的现象伴随着公平的话题与用户体验价值观根植于当下的服务设计之中。

Aristotle将公平定义为“分配正义”，即社会的利益和责任如何分配给所有成员[2]。如何使幸福最大化的问题也许就是服务设计中对公平问题解决方案的核心求解过程，如何适时且客观的延长幸福时刻也许就是提升服务设计中用户体验的重要契机。设计的结构是一个组织群体利益之间的权衡。权衡是否恰当，决定着构成一个公平的问题。在以公平为中心涉及到的问题解决方法有许多，目的是为了提升用户体验价值。当我们过分的依赖于技术来提升生活品质的同时，技术的公平性也开始进入我们讨论范围内。以公平为中心的设计提供了一些可以提高有关服务设计问题认识的方法。同时它也创造了一个理念与准则，促使着设计者在未来的设计过程中提升用户在公平的环境下的体验价值。

在工作坊中，我们旨在营造一个来自各领域人士的研究探讨环境，将公平理念引入服务设计之中。探讨提高公平意识与价值的服务设计对用户的影响。反思现有的服务设计案例中公平与不公平的出现、存在与发展？对不同类型用户的使用体验的影响？在工作坊研究过程和讨论后，我们将组织一个小组为单位的分享报告。整合所有工作坊探讨结论以及所构想的服务概念设计。

组织者简介：
Colin Michael Gray
美国普渡大学计算机图形技术系助理教授，graydesign公司负责人，同时担任International Journal of Designs for Learning期刊咨询委员会成员。他的学科背景主要涉及平面设计、教育技术学和人机交互设计等领域。Gray主要从事设计研究、设计教学和设计实践方面的工作：在设计研究方面，他尝试理解设计专业学生的经历，研究学生如何掌握设计知识并在将来如何将知识运用到实践中；在设计教学方面，他将教学法和实践联系起来，为学生提供自我认知和定位的机会；在设计实践方面，他的客户包括新成立的公司、当地企业和世界500强。

胡莹
湖南大学设计艺术学院助理教授，2014年6月至2015年6月被国家留学基金委选派至英国伦敦大学玛丽女王学院(QMUL)作访问学者。主研交互设计、服务设计，主讲《服务设计与商业模式》、《交互设计基础》等课程。在设计研究方面，重点研究设计思维活动，从中理解新手与专家级别设计师利用设计策略与设计经验在设计活动中的过程差异。执教8年来，主持省部级科研项目2项，参与国家级、省部级科研项目十余项。参编教材1本，发表权威及核心刊物文章11篇。主持国际合作工作坊十余次，与数家行业内领先企业有丰富的、多次项目合作经验。

工作坊日程：
活动时间： 9：30~17：00

2015.11.09
上午&下午：概念衍生与推进

2015.11.10
上午：学生分组汇报及反思
下午：老师分享及访谈

工作坊地点：
待定

招募令：
限招12人。具有较好的英语能力，通过CET-6考试或具有雅思、托福成绩；有服务、交互设计背景的研究生或高年级本科生优先。

报名截止日期：2015年11月3日 22：00，招募名单公布时间：2015年11月5日

报名表投递邮箱：This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

引用文献：
[1] 迈克尔 桑德尔[美] 著. 朱慧玲 [译] ，公正[M]// 中信出版社, 2012.
[2]Cameron Shelley, Fairness in Technological Design, Science and Engineering Ethics, December 2012, Volume 18, Issue 4, pp 663-680

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GCIDC2015 SERVICE DESIGN WORKSHOP: DESIGN FOR FAIRNESS

ABSTRACT
Since ancient times, unfairness and inequity has existed in our societies. Regrettably, the solutions designers create often increase, exacerbate, or otherwise sustain the degree of unfairness experienced by the users we represent in the world. This is clearly contrary to the intention being a designer—the notion of bringing ethically-responsible change into the world. The aim of this two-day workshop is to focus on fairness in the designs we create and the wellbeing of the users we represent, identifying areas where experiences within service concept design might be improved. Through group discussions and cooperative design exercises, participants will analyze existing service cases, and design new experiences with fairness as a generative starting point. Workshop outcomes include highlighting the role of fairness, ethics, and values in service design, and documenting potential opportunities for design research that surrounds these concerns.

KEYWORDS
Fairness; service design; design methods; concept generation; design responsibility; ethics; values

BACKGROUND
The issues of inequity and lack of equal access to justice pervade modern societies [1]. In a review of China's traditional culture, the bureaucratic system has a strong influence on China's politics, economy and culture. A strict hierarchy of social life is the most dominant feature, and this hierarchy impacts the general public life in a remarkably varied number of ways. Even though many people actively promote fairness and equity, many still suffer from various forms of unfair treatment in their pursuit of education, employment, or access to healthcare, just to name a few. The negative outcomes of hierarchy, such as concerns regarding the reputation of acquaintances, or the role of hearsay and a rewards system on the pursuit of justice, have a substantial impact on how designers can create fair and equitable experiences in a service design context.

Aristotle defined fairness as "distributive justice," highlighting a social imperative to distribute the interests of the society and the responsibility of these interests to all members equitably [2]. The problem of protecting user’s wellbeing throughout the design process allows access to issues of fairness in service design more broadly, and extending the concept of individual wellbeing to the broader social system in which we all interact has the potential for an even broader impact on user experience in service design. The structure and implementation of a design solution is always a trade-off between the benefit to stakeholders and the user; issues of hierarchy make these tradeoffs difficult to negotiate, and in some cases, it is impossible to even gauge the potential impact of a design on the larger social system prior to implementation. There are many existing design methods that aid us as designers in improving the user experience, but as society increasingly relies upon technologies to improve the quality of life, the fairness of the technology is also beginning to enter the scope of our discussion. Bringing concepts of fairness into the center of the design process, including the ethical and value-related commitments of the designer in assessing and designing for this fairness, provides insight into ways we might improve our collective understanding of service design. And in doing so, this focus on fairness turns attention back to the ethical character of the designer, and the ways in which designers imagine potential futures and make them real.

In this workshop, we intend to create a collaborative environment where participants from various backgrounds can pursue the concept of fairness in relation to service design, raising awareness about the ways in which the fairness of services may impact users. We will reflect on the emergence, existence and development of fairness and unfairness in existing service cases, including how these cases reveal the ways we acknowledge and act on the experiences of different types of users. Based on these exercises, we will deconstruct and redesign existing service designs to promote fairness and equity. On the second day, we will present our results and establish next steps for the creation of design methods or guidelines that raise designers’ awareness of fairness in service design.

ORGANIZERS
Colin M. Gray is an Assistant Professor at Purdue University in the Department of Computer Graphics Technology and a Faculty Fellow in the Educational Research and Development Incubator. He holds a PhD in Instructional Systems Technology from Indiana University Bloomington, a MEd in Educational Technology from University of South Carolina, and a MA in Graphic Design from Savannah College of Art & Design. He has worked as an art director, contract designer, and trainer, and his continued involvement in design work informs his research on design activity and how it is learned. His research focuses on the role of student experience in informing a critical design pedagogy, and the ways in which the pedagogy and underlying studio environment inform the development of design thinking, particularly in relation to critique and professional identity formation. His work crosses multiple disciplines, including engineering education, instructional design and technology, design theory and education, and human-computer interaction.

Hu Ying is an Assistant Professor in the School of Design at Hunan University. From June 2014 to June 2015 she was a visiting scholar in QMUL. Her research focuses on interaction and service design, especially design ideation activities. She wishes to understand the differences in design strategies and patterns as they are used by novice and expert designers in ideation. In the last eight years, she has presided over two provincial and ministerial research projects, participated in more than ten national, provincial and ministerial research projects, participated in the compiled of a textbook, published more than ten articles in journals and international conferences, led the international cooperation workshop more than ten times, and has consulted with industry-leading companies, such as Nokia and China Telecom.

SCHEDULE
9.30AM—5.00PM each day

2015.11.09 Morning & Afternoon
Kick-off, design activities, and discussion

2015.11.10 Morning：Presentations and reflection
Afternoon：Lecture and questions

RECRUITMENT
Limited to 12 persons. Participants with good English ability will be prioritized (CET-6, IELTS or TOEFL), and graduate or senior undergraduate students with a background in service and interaction design are preferred.

DEADLINE
November 3, 2015

REFERENCES
[1] 迈克尔 桑德尔[美] 著. 朱慧玲 [译] ，公正[M]// 中信出版社, 2012.
[2] Cameron Shelley, Fairness in Technological Design, Science and Engineering Ethics, December 2012, Volume 18, Issue 4, pp. 663-680

附：报名表下载